Agbabiaka, T. B., Pittler, M. H., Wider, B., and Ernst, E. Serenoa repens (saw palmetto): a systematic review of adverse events. Drug Saf 2009;32(8):637-647. View abstract.
Al Shukri, S. H., Deschaseaux, P., Kuzmin, I. V., and Amdiy, R. R. Early urodynamic effects of the lipido-sterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon(R)) in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate Cancer Prostatic.Dis. 2000;3(3):195-199. View abstract.
Aliaev, IuG, Vinarov, A. Z., Lokshin, K. L., and Spivak, L. G. [Efficiency and safety of prostamol-Uno in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis]. Urologiia. 2006;(1):47-50. View abstract.
Anceschi, R., Bisi, M., Ghidini, N., Ferrari, G., and Ferrari, P. Serenoa repens (Permixon(R)) reduces intra- and postoperative complications of surgical treatments of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 2010;62(3):219-223. View abstract.
Anonymous. Effectiveness of lipidosterol extract Serenoa repens (Permixon) in patients with prostatic hyperplasia. Urologiia. 2002;(1):23-25. View abstract.
Ashar, B. H., Rice, T. N., and Sisson, S. D. Medical residents' knowledge of dietary supplements. South.Med J 2008;101(10):996-1000. View abstract.
Authie D and Cauquil J. Appreciation de l'efficacite de permixon en pratique quotidienne. [Appreciation of the in practice daily effectiveness of permixon]. C R Ther Pharmacol Clin 1987;5(56):4-13.
Avins, A. L. and Bent, S. Saw palmetto and lower urinary tract symptoms: what is the latest evidence? Curr Urol Rep. 2006;7(4):260-265. View abstract.
Bach D and Ebeling L. Long-term drug treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia--results of a prospective 3-year multicenter study using Sabal extract IDS 89. Phytomed 1996;3:105-111.
Bauer, H. W., Casarosa, C., Cosci, M., Fratta, M., and Blessmann, G. [Saw palmetto fruit extract for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study]. MMW.Fortschr.Med 6-24-1999;141(25):62. View abstract.
Bayne C, Donnelly F, Ross M, and et al. Serenoa repens (Permixon): a 5 alpha-reductase types I and II inhibitor-new evidence in a coculture model of BPH. Prostate 1999;40(4):232-241.
Bertaccini, A., Giampaoli, M., Cividini, R., Gattoni, G. L., Sanseverino, R., Realfonso, T., Napodano, G., Fandella, A., Guidoni, E., Prezioso, D., Galasso, R., Cicalese, C., Scattoni, V., Armenio, A., Conti, G., Corinti, M., Spasciani, R., Liguori, G., Lampropoulou, N., and Martorana, G. Observational database serenoa repens (DOSSER): overview, analysis and results. A multicentric SIUrO (Italian Society of Oncological Urology) project. Arch.Ital.Urol.Androl 2012;84(3):117-122. View abstract.
Boccafoschi C and Annoscia S. Confronto fra estratto di Serenoa repens e placebo mediante prova clinica controllata in pazienti con adenomatosi prostatica. Urologia 1983;50(6):1257-1268.
Boccafoschi C, Annoscia S. Confronto fra estratto di Serenoa repens e placebo mediate prova clinica controllata in pazienti con adenomatosi prostatica. Urologia 1983;50:1257-1268.
Braeckman J, Bruhwyler J, Vandekerckhove K, and et al. Efficacy and safety of the extract of Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: therapeutic equivalence between twice and once daily dosage forms. Phytother Res 1997;11:558-563.
Braeckman J, Denis L, de Leval J, and et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the plant extract Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign hyperplasia of the prostate. Eur J Clin Res 1997;9:247-259.
Braeckman J. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the plant extract Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign hyperplasia of the prostate. European Journal of Clinical Research. 1997;9:247-259.
Braeckman J. The extract of Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicenter open study. Current Therapeutic Research 1994;55(7):776-785.
Breu, W., Hagenlocher, M., Redl, K., Tittel, G., Stadler, F., and Wagner, H. [Anti-inflammatory activity of sabal fruit extracts prepared with supercritical carbon dioxide. In vitro antagonists of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase metabolism]. Arzneimittelforschung 1992;42(4):547-551. View abstract.
Breza, J., Kliment, J., Valansky, L., and et al. Prostamol Uno (Alcohol extract of the fruits of
Briley M, Carilla E, and Fauran F. Permixon, a new treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia, acts directly at the cytosolic androgen receptor in the rat prostate. Br J Pharmacol 1983;79:327P.
Buck, A. C. Phytotherapy for the prostate. Br J Urol 1996;78(3):325-336. View abstract.
Cai, T., Mazzoli, S., Bechi, A., Addonisio, P., Mondaini, N., Pagliai, R. C., and Bartoletti, R. Serenoa repens associated with Urtica dioica (ProstaMEV) and curcumin and quercitin (FlogMEV) extracts are able to improve the efficacy of prulifloxacin in bacterial prostatitis patients: results from a prospective randomised study. Int.J Antimicrob.Agents 2009;33(6):549-553. View abstract.
Carballido, J., Ruiz-Cerda, J. L., Unda, M., Baena, V., Campoy, P., Manasanch, J., and Slof, J. [Economic evaluation of medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the specialised care setting in Spain. Application to the cost-effectiveness of two drugs frequently used in its treatment]. Actas Urol.Esp. 2008;32(9):916-925. View abstract.
Carreras JO. Novel treatment with a hexane extract of Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. Archiv Esp de Urolog 1987;40:310-313.
Casarosa, C., Cosci, di Coscio, and Fratta, M. Lack of effects of a lyposterolic extract of Serenoa repens on plasma levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. Clin Ther 1988;10(5):585-588. View abstract.
Casner, P. R. Saw palmetto for benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl.J Med 5-4-2006;354(18):1950-1951. View abstract.
Champault, G., Bonnard, A. M., Cauquil, J., and Patel, J. C. [Medical treatment of prostatic adenoma. Controlled trial: PA 109 vs placebo in 110 patients]. Ann Urol (Paris) 1984;18(6):407-410. View abstract.
Chan, J. M., Elkin, E. P., Silva, S. J., Broering, J. M., Latini, D. M., and Carroll, P. R. Total and specific complementary and alternative medicine use in a large cohort of men with prostate cancer. Urology 2005;66(6):1223-1228. View abstract.
Cirillo-Marucco E, Pagliarulo A, Tritto G, and et al. L'estratto di Serenoa repens (Permixon) nel trattamento precoce dell'ipertrofia prostatica . Urologia 1983;50(6):1269-1277.
Comar OB and Di Rienzo A. Mepartricina versus Serenoa repens: studio sperimentale doppio cieco su 20 casi di iperplasia prostatica benigna. Riv Ital Biol Med 1986;6(2):122-125.
Cukier J, Ducassou J Le Guillou M Leriche A Lobel B Toubol J. [Permixon versus placebo; resultats d'une étude multicentrique]. Comptes Rendus deTherapeutique et de Pharmacologie Clinique. 1985;4:15-21.
Cukier J, Ducassou J, Le Guillou M, and et al. Permixon versus placebo; resultats d'une etude multicentrique. C R Ther Pharmacol Clin 1985;4(25):15-21.
De Bernardi VM, Tripodi AS, Contos S, and et al. Serenoa repens capsules: a bioequivalence study. ACTA TOXICOL THER 1994;15(1):21-39.
Debruyne, F., Boyle, P., Calais, da Silva, Gillenwater, J. G., Hamdy, F. C., Perrin, P., Teillac, P., Vela-Navarrete, R., Raynaud, J. P., and Schulman, C. [Evaluation of the clinical benefit of Permixon and tamsulosin in severe BPH patients--PERMAL study subset analysis]. Prog.Urol. 2004;14(3):326-331. View abstract.
Debruyne, F., Koch, G., Boyle, P., Da Silva, F. C., Gillenwater, J. G., Hamdy, F. C., Perrin, P., Teillac, P., Vela-Navarrete, R., and Raynaud, J. P. [Comparison of a phytotherapeutic agent (Permixon) with an alpha-blocker (Tamsulosin) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a 1-year randomized international study]. Prog.Urol. 2002;12(3):384-392. View abstract.
Dedhia, R. C. and McVary, K. T. Phytotherapy for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. J.Urol. 2008;179(6):2119-2125. View abstract.
Descotes J, Rambeaud J, Deschaseaux P, and et al. Placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of Permixon in benign prostatic hyperplasia after exclusion of placebo responders. Clin Drug Invest 1995;9(5):291-297.
Descotes JL, Rambeaud JJ Deschaseaux P Faure G. Placebo controlled evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of Permixon in benign prostatic hyperplasia after the exclusion of placebo responders. Clinical Drug Investigation. 1995;5:291-297.
Di Silverio F, Monti S, Sciarra A, and et al. Effects of long-term treatment with Serenoa repens (Permixon) on the concentrations and regional distribution of androgens and epidermal growth factor in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1998;37(2):77-83.
Di Silverio F, Sciarra A, D'Eramo G, and et al. Zonal distribution of androgens and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in human BPH tissue: responsiveness to flutamide, finasteride, and Serenoa repens administration. Brit J Urol 1997;80(Suppl 2):214.
Dimitrakov, J. D. Saw palmetto for benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl.J Med 5-4-2006;354(18):1950-1951. View abstract.
Djavan, B., Fong, Y. K., Chaudry, A., Reissigl, A., Anagnostou, T., Bagheri, F., Waldert, M., Fajkovic, H., Marihart, S., Harik, M., Spaller, S., and Remzi, M. Progression delay in men with mild symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction: a comparative study of phytotherapy and watchful waiting. World J Urol. 2005;23(4):253-256. View abstract.
Elghamry, M. I. and Hansel, R. Activity and isolated phytoestrogen of shrub palmetto fruits (Serenoa repens Small), a new estrogenic plant. Experientia 8-15-1969;25(8):828-829. View abstract.
Emili E, Lo Cigno M Petrone U. [Risultati clinici su un nuovo farmaco nella terapia dell'ipertofia della prostata (Permixon)]. Urologia. 1983;50:1042-1048.
Emili E, Lo Cigno M, and Petrone U. Risultati clinici su un nuovo farmaco nella terapia dell'ipertrofia della prostata (Permixon). Urologia 1983;50(5):1042-1048.
Engelmann, U., Walther, C., Bondarenko, B., Funk, P., and Schlafke, S. Efficacy and safety of a combination of sabal and urtica extract in lower urinary tract symptoms. A randomized, double-blind study versus tamsulosin. Arzneimittelforschung. 2006;56(3):222-229. View abstract.
Epstein J, Partin A, Simon I, and et al. Prostate tissue effects of saw palmetto extract in men with symptomatic BPH. J Urol 1999;161(4S):362.
Flamm, J., Kiesswetter, H., and Englisch, M. [An urodynamic study of patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy treated conservatively with phytotherapy or testosterone (author's transl)]. Wien.Klin.Wochenschr. 9-28-1979;91(18):622-627. View abstract.
Foroutan F. Wirksamkeit und vertraglichkeit von permixon bei einem grosseren patientenkollektiv (592 patienten) unter praxisbedingungen. J Urol Urogynakol 1997;2:17-21.
Gabric V and Miskic H. Behandlung des benignen Prostataadenoms und der chronischen Prostatitis. Placebokontrollierte randomisierte doppelblindstudie mit Prostagutt. Therapiewoche 1987;37:1775-1788.
Gabric V, Miskic H. [Behandlung des benignen prostata-adenoms und der chronischen prostatatitis]. Therapiewoche. 1987;37:1775-1788.
Gerber, G. S., Kuznetsov, D., Johnson, B. C., and Burstein, J. D. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of saw palmetto in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. Urology 2001;58(6):960-964. View abstract.
Giannakopoulos, X., Baltogiannis, D., Giannakis, D., Tasos, A., Sofikitis, N., Charalabopoulos, K., and Evangelou, A. The lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a comparison of two dosage regimens. Adv.Ther 2002;19(6):285-296. View abstract.
Giulianelli, R., Pecoraro, S., Sepe, G., Leonardi, R., Gentile, B. C., Albanesi, L., Brunori, S., Mavilla, L., Pisanti, F., Giannella, R., Morello, P., Tuzzolo, D., Coscione, M., Galasso, F., D'Angelo, T., Ferravante, P., Morelli, E., and Miragliuolo, A. Multicentre study on the efficacy and tolerability of an extract of Serenoa repens in patients with chronic benign prostate conditions associated with inflammation. Arch.Ital.Urol.Androl 2012;84(2):94-98. View abstract.
Glemain, C. Coulange F. N. Grapin et al. No benefit in combining tamsulosin with Serenoa repens versus tamsulosin alone on storage/filling and voiding lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol, 2002;167 (suppl 4)(Abstract 1486):374.
Glemain, P., Coulange, C., Billebaud, T., Gattegno, B., Muszynski, R., and Loeb, G. [Tamsulosin with or without Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hyperplasia: the OCOS trial]. Prog.Urol. 2002;12(3):395-403. View abstract.
Goepel, M., Dinh, L., Mitchell, A., Schafers, R. F., Rubben, H., and Michel, M. C. Do saw palmetto extracts block human alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes in vivo? Prostate 2-15-2001;46(3):226-232. View abstract.
Greca P and Volip R. Experience with a new drug in the medical treatment of prostatic adenoma. Urologia 1985;52:532-535.
Groom, S. N., Johns, T., and Oldfield, P. R. The potency of immunomodulatory herbs may be primarily dependent upon macrophage activation. J Med Food 2007;10(1):73-79. View abstract.
Hanaka, M., Yoshii, C., Yatera, K., Ito, C., Chojin, Y., Nagata, S., Yamasaki, K., Nishida, C., Kawanami, T., Kawanami, Y., Ishimoto, H., and Mukae, H. [A case of rhabdomyolysis caused by saw palmetto of healthy foods]. J.UOEH. 6-1-2012;34(2):193-199. View abstract.
Hiermann, A. [The contents of sabal fruits and testing of their anti-inflammatory effect]. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1989;322(2):111-114. View abstract.
Hizli, F. and Uygur, M. C. A prospective study of the efficacy of Serenoa repens, tamsulosin, and Serenoa repens plus tamsulosin treatment for patients with benign prostate hyperplasia. Int.Urol.Nephrol. 2007;39(3):879-886. View abstract.
Hostanska, K., Suter, A., Melzer, J., and Saller, R. Evaluation of cell death caused by an ethanolic extract of Serenoae repentis fructus (Prostasan) on human carcinoma cell lines. Anticancer Res 2007;27(2):873-881. View abstract.
Hutchison, A., Farmer, R., Verhamme, K., Berges, R., and Navarrete, R. V. The efficacy of drugs for the treatment of LUTS/BPH, a study in 6 European countries. Eur Urol 2007;51(1):207-215. View abstract.
Iehle, C., Delos, S., Guirou, O., Tate, R., Raynaud, J. P., and Martin, P. M. Human prostatic steroid 5 alpha-reductase isoforms--a comparative study of selective inhibitors. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1995;54(5-6):273-279. View abstract.
Iguchi, K., Okumura, N., Usui, S., Sajiki, H., Hirota, K., and Hirano, K. Myristoleic acid, a cytotoxic component in the extract from Serenoa repens, induces apoptosis and necrosis in human prostatic LNCaP cells. Prostate 2001;47(1):59-65. View abstract.
Ishii, K., Usui, S., Sugimura, Y., Yamamoto, H., Yoshikawa, K., and Hiran, K. Extract from Serenoa repens suppresses the invasion activity of human urological cancer cells by inhibiting urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Biol Pharm Bull 2001;24(2):188-190. View abstract.
Izzo, A. A. and Ernst, E. Interactions between herbal medicines and prescribed drugs: an updated systematic review. Drugs 2009;69(13):1777-1798. View abstract.
Kondas, J., Philipp, V., and Dioszeghy, G. Sabal serrulata extract (Strogen forte) in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int Urol.Nephrol. 1996;28(6):767-772. View abstract.
Kul'chavenia, E. V., Breusov, A. A., Brizhatiuk, E. V., and Kholtobin, D. P. [Approaches to raising efficacy of treatment of patients with chronic prostatitis associated with intracellular infections]. Urologiia. 2010;(6):55-58. View abstract.
Lapi, F., Gallo, E., Giocaliere, E., Vietri, M., Baronti, R., Pieraccini, G., Tafi, A., Menniti-Ippolito, F., Mugelli, A., Firenzuoli, F., and Vannacci, A. Acute liver damage due to Serenoa repens: a case report. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2010;69(5):558-560. View abstract.
Lee, J. Y., Foster, H. E., Jr., McVary, K. T., Meleth, S., Stavris, K., Downey, J., and Kusek, J. W. Recruitment of participants to a clinical trial of botanical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J.Altern.Complement Med. 2011;17(5):469-472. View abstract.
Lobelenz J. [Extractum Sabal fructus bei benigner prostatahyperplasie (BPH). klinische prufung im stadium I und II]. Therapeutikon. 1992;6(1-2):34-37.
Löbelenz J. Extractum Sabal fructus bei benigner Prostatahyperplasie (BPH): Klinische Prüfung im Stadium I und II. Therapeutikon 1992;6(1-2):34, 37.
Lopatkin, N. A., Sivkov, A. V., Medvedev, A. A., Walter, K., Schlefke, S., Avdeichuk, IuI, Golubev, G. V., Mel'nik, K. P., Elenberger, N. A., and Engelman, U. [Combined extract of Sabal palm and nettle in the treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms in double blind, placebo-controlled trial]. Urologiia. 2006;(2):12, 14-12, 19. View abstract.
MacDonald, R., Tacklind, J. W., Rutks, I., and Wilt, T. J. Serenoa repens monotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): an updated Cochrane systematic review. BJU.Int. 2012;109(12):1756-1761. View abstract.
MacLaughlin, B. W., Gutsmuths, B., Pretner, E., Jonas, W. B., Ives, J., Kulawardane, D. V., and Amri, H. Effects of homeopathic preparations on human prostate cancer growth in cellular and animal models. Integr.Cancer Ther 2006;5(4):362-372. View abstract.
Magri, V., Trinchieri, A., Montanari, E., Del Nero, A., Mangiarotti, B., Zirpoli, P., de Eguileor, M., Marras, E., Ceriani, I., Vral, A., and Perletti, G. Reduction of PSA values by combination pharmacological therapy in patients with chronic prostatitis: implications for prostate cancer detection. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2007;79(2):84-92. View abstract.
Magri, V., Trinchieri, A., Perletti, G., and Marras, E. Activity of Serenoa repens, lycopene and selenium on prostatic disease: evidences and hypotheses. Arch.Ital.Urol.Androl 2008;80(2):65-78. View abstract.
Magri, V., Trinchieri, A., Pozzi, G., Restelli, A., Garlaschi, M. C., Torresani, E., Zirpoli, P., Marras, E., and Perletti, G. Efficacy of repeated cycles of combination therapy for the eradication of infecting organisms in chronic bacterial prostatitis. Int J Antimicrob.Agents 2007;29(5):549-556. View abstract.
Mandressi A, Tarallo U, Maggioni A, and et al. Terapia medica dell'adenoma prostatico: confronto della efficacia del'estratto di serenoa repens (Permixon) versus l'estratto di pigeum africanum e placebo. Valutazione in doppio cieco. Urologia 1983;50(4):752-757.
Mandressi A. Treatment of uncomplicated benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) by an extract of Serenoa repens: clinical results. J Endocrinol Invest 1987;10 (suppl 2):49.
Mandressi S, Tarallo U Maggioni A Tombolini P Rocco F Quadraccia. Medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: efficacy of the extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) compared to that of the extract of Pygeum africanum and a placebo. Urologia. 1983;50(4):752-758.
Mantovani, F. Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hypertrophy: analysis of 2 Italian studies. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 2010;62(4):335-340. View abstract.
Marks, L. S., Hess, D. L., Dorey, F. J., Luz, Macairan M., Cruz Santos, P. B., and Tyler, V. E. Tissue effects of saw palmetto and finasteride: use of biopsy cores for in situ quantification of prostatic androgens. Urology 2001;57(5):999-1005. View abstract.
Mattei FM, Capone M Acconcia A. [Medikamentose therapie der benignen prostatahyperplasie mit einem extrakt der sagepalme]. TW Urologie Nephrologie. 1990;2:346-350.
Mattei FM, Capone M, and Acconcia A. Medikamentose therapie der benignen prostatahyperplasie mit einem extrakt der sagepalme. TW Urol Nephrol 1990;2(5):346-350.
Medvedev, A. A., Siniakova, L. A., and Zaitsev, A. V. [Prostaplant treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia]. Urologiia 2000;(4):13-15. View abstract.
Metzker H, Kieser M Holscher U. [Wirksamkeit eines Sabal-Urtica-kombinationspraparates bei der behandlung der benignen prostatahyperplasie (BPH)]. Der Urologe B. 1996;36(4):292-300.
Metzker H, Kieser M, and Hölscher U. Wirksamkeit eines Sabal-Urtica-kombinationspraparates bei der behandlung der benignen prostatahyperplasie (BPH). Urologe 1996;36(4):292-300.
Miroddi, M., Carni, A., Mannucci, C., Moleti, M., Navarra, M., and Calapai, G. Hot flashes in a young girl: a wake-up call concerning Serenoa repens use in children. Pediatrics 2012;130(5):e1374-e1376. View abstract.
Mitropoulos D, Kiroudi A, Mitsogiannis I, and et al. In vivo effect of the lipido-sterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) on mast cells accumulation and glandular epithelium trophism in the rat prostate. J Urol 1999;161(4S):362.
Mohanty NK, Jha RJ, and Dutt C. Randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial of Serenoa repens versus placebo in the management of patients with symptomatic grade I to grade II benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Indian J Urol 1999;16(1):26-31.
Morganti P, Fabrizi G, James B, and et al. Effect of gelatin-cystine and Serenoa repens extract on free radicals level and hair growth. J Appl Cosmetol 1998;16:57-64.
Morgia, G., Mucciardi, G., Gali, A., Madonia, M., Marchese, F., Di, Benedetto A., Romano, G., Bonvissuto, G., Castelli, T., Macchione, L., and Magno, C. Treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIA with Serenoa repens plus selenium and lycopene (Profluss) versus S. repens alone: an Italian randomized multicenter-controlled study. Urol.Int. 2010;84(4):400-406. View abstract.
Neff, K. D., Sandoval, H. P., Fernandez de Castro, L. E., Nowacki, A. S., Vroman, D. T., and Solomon, K. D. Factors associated with intraoperative floppy iris syndrome. Ophthalmology 2009;116(4):658-663. View abstract.
Pannunzio E, D'Ascenzo R, Giardinetti F, and et al. Serenoa repens vs. gestonorone caproato nel trattamento dell'ipertrofia prostatica benigna. Studio randomizzato. Urologia 1986;53(5):696-705.
Paoletti PP, Francalanci R, Tenti S, and et al. Medical treatment of prostatic hypertrophy. Experience with Serenoa repens extract. Urologia 1986;53:182-187.
Paubert-Braquet M, Raynaud JP, and Braquet PG. Permixon [lipid sterolic extract of
Paubert-Braquet, M., Cousse, H., Raynaud, J. P., Mencia-Huerta, J. M., and Braquet, P. Effect of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) and its major components on basic fibroblast growth factor-induced proliferation of cultures of human prostate biopsies. Eur Urol 1998;33(3):340-347. View abstract.
Paubert-Braquet, M., Richardson, F. O., Servent-Saez, N., Gordon, W. C., Monge, M. C., Bazan, N. G., Authie, D., and Braquet, P. Effect of Serenoa repens extract (Permixon) on estradiol/testosterone- induced experimental prostate enlargement in the rat. Pharmacol Res 1996;34(3-4):171-179. View abstract.
Pavone, C., Abbadessa, D., Tarantino, M. L., Oxenius, I., Lagana, A., Lupo, A., and Rinella, M. [Associating Serenoa repens, Urtica dioica and Pinus pinaster. Safety and efficacy in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. Prospective study on 320 patients]. Urologia. 2010;77(1):43-51. View abstract.
Pecoraro, S., Annecchiarico, A., Gambardella, M. C., and Sepe, G. [Efficacy of pretreatment with Serenoa repens on bleeding associated with transurethral resection of prostate]. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 2004;56(1):73-78. View abstract.
Plosker, G. L. and Brogden, R. N. Serenoa repens (Permixon). A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Drugs Aging 1996;9(5):379-395. View abstract.
Pytel, Y. A., Vinarov, A., Lopatkin, N., Sivkov, A., Gorilovsky, L., and Raynaud, J. P. Long-term clinical and biologic effects of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Adv.Ther 2002;19(6):297-306. View abstract.
Ravenna, L., Di Silverio, F., Russo, M. A., Salvatori, L., Morgante, E., Morrone, S., Cardillo, M. R., Russo, A., Frati, L., Gulino, A., and Petrangeli, E. Effects of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) on human prostatic cell lines. Prostate 1996;29(4):219-230. View abstract.
Redecker KD. [Sabal extract WS 1473 in benign prostatic hyperplasia]. Extracta Urologica 1998;21(3):23-25.
Reece Smith H, Memon A, Smart C, and et al. The value of Permixon in benign prostatic hypertrophy. Brit J Urol 1986;58(1):36-40.
Rhodes, L., Primka, R. L., Berman, C., Vergult, G., Gabriel, M., Pierre-Malice, M., and Gibelin, B. Comparison of finasteride (Proscar), a 5 alpha reductase inhibitor, and various commercial plant extracts in in vitro and in vivo 5 alpha reductase inhibition. Prostate 1993;22(1):43-51. View abstract.
Roveda S and Colombo P. Clinical controlled trial on therapeutical bioequivalence and tolerability of Serenoa repens oral capsules 160mg or rectal capsules 640mg. Arch Med Interna 1994;46(2):61-75.
Savel'eva KV, Kachanova MV Pavlov VN Kazikhinurov RA Frolov MY Mukhin AB Udut VV Yurmazov ZA Dugina YL Sergeeva SA Epshtein OI. Clinical study of the efficiency and safety of afala in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2009;148(2):305-307.
Scaglione, F., Lucini, V., Pannacci, M., Dugnani, S., and Leone, C. Comparison of the potency of 10 different brands of Serenoa repens extracts. Eur.Rev.Med.Pharmacol.Sci. 2012;16(5):569-574. View abstract.
Schneider, H. J., Honold, E., and Masuhr, T. [Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Results of a treatment study with the phytogenic combination of Sabal extract WS 1473 and Urtica extract WS 1031 in urologic specialty practices]. Fortschr Med 1-30-1995;113(3):37-40. View abstract.
Semino A, Ortega L, Cobo G, and et al. [Symptomatic treatment of benign hypertrophy of the prostate. Comparative study of prazosin and serenoa repens.]. Archivos Espanoles de Urologia 1992;45(3):211-213.
Shi, R., Xie, Q., Gang, X., Lun, J., Cheng, L., Pantuck, A., and Rao, J. Effect of saw palmetto soft gel capsule on lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized trial in Shanghai, China. J.Urol. 2008;179(2):610-615. View abstract.
Sinclair, R. D., Mallari, R. S., and Tate, B. Sensitization to saw palmetto and minoxidil in separate topical extemporaneous treatments for androgenetic alopecia. Australas.J Dermatol. 2002;43(4):311-312. View abstract.
Singh, Y. N., Devkota, A. K., Sneeden, D. C., Singh, K. K., and Halaweish, F. Hepatotoxicity potential of saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) in rats. Phytomedicine 2007;14(2-3):204-208. View abstract.
Sokeland J and Albrecht J. Kombination aus Sabal und Urticaextrakt vs. finasterid bei BPH (Stad I bis II nach Alken). Urologe 1997;36 (4):327-333.
Sosnowska J, Balslev H. American palm ethnomedicine: a meta-analysis. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2009;24(5):43.
Stenger A, Rarayre JP, and Carilla E. Etude pharmacologizue et biochimique de l'extrait hexanique de Serenoa repens B. Gaz Med Fr 1982;89:2041-2048.
Sultan C, Terraza A, Carilla E, and et al. Anti-androgenic effects of Permixon: In vitro studies. In: Di Silverio F and Steg A. New Trends in BPH Etiopathogenesis. Rome: Acta Medica;1988.
Tasca, A., Barulli, M., Cavazzana, A., Zattoni, F., Artibani, W., and Pagano, F. [Treatment of obstructive symptomatology caused by prostatic adenoma with an extract of Serenoa repens. Double-blind clinical study vs. placebo]. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 1985;37(1):87-91. View abstract.
Thangapazham, R. L., Gaddipati, J. P., Rajeshkumar, N. V., Sharma, A., Singh, A. K., Ives, J. A., Maheshwari, R. K., and Jonas, W. B. Homeopathic medicines do not alter growth and gene expression in prostate and breast cancer cells in vitro. Integr.Cancer Ther 2006;5(4):356-361. View abstract.
Timmermans, L. M. and Timmermans, L. G., Jr. [Determination of the activity of extracts of Echinaceae and Sabal in the treatment of idiopathic megabladder in women]. Acta Urol Belg. 1990;58(2):43-59. View abstract.
Tosto A, Rovereto B, Paoletti MC, and et al. Study of Serenoa repens in treatment of functional secondary adenoma of the prostate: consideration of 20 cases. Urologia 1985;52:536-542.
Vacherot F, Azzouz M, Gil-Diez-De-Medina S, and et al. Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation by the lipido-sterolic extract of Serenoa repens (LSEr, Permixon) in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 2000;45(3):259-266.
Vahlensieck, W., Jr., Volp, A., Lubos, W., and Kuntze, M. [Benign prostatic hyperplasia--treatment with sabal fruit extract. A treatment study of 1,334 patients]. Fortschr Med 6-30-1993;111(18):323-326. View abstract.
Van Coppenolle F, Le Bourhis X, Carpentier F, and et al. Pharmacological effects of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) on rat prostate hyperplasia induced by hyperprolactinemia: comparison with finasteride. Prostate 2000;43(1):49-58.
Vela-Navarrete, R., Escribano-Burgos, M., Farre, A. L., Garcia-Cardoso, J., Manzarbeitia, F., and Carrasco, C. Serenoa repens treatment modifies bax/bcl-2 index expression and caspase-3 activity in prostatic tissue from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2005;173(2):507-510. View abstract.
Villanueva, S. and Gonzalez, J. Coagulopathy induced by saw palmetto: a case report. Bol.Asoc.Med.P.R. 2009;101(3):48-50. View abstract.
Wargo, K. A., Allman, E., and Ibrahim, F. A possible case of saw palmetto-induced pancreatitis. South.Med.J. 2010;103(7):683-685. View abstract.
Webber, R. Benign prostatic hyperplasia. Clin Evid. 2005;(14):1076-1091. View abstract.
Weisser, H., Tunn, S., Behnke, B., and Krieg, M. Effects of the sabal serrulata extract IDS 89 and its subfractions on 5 alpha-reductase activity in human benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1996;28(5):300-306. View abstract.
Yeu, E. and Grostern, R. Saw palmetto and intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome. J Cataract Refract.Surg 2007;33(5):927-928. View abstract.
Ziegler H and Holscher U. Efficacy of saw palmetto fruit special extract WS1473 in patients with Alken stage I-II benign prostatic hyperplasia--open multicentre study. Jatros Uro 1998;14(3):34-43.
Adriazola-Semino M, Lozano-Ortega JL, Garcia-Cobo E, et al. [Symptomatic treatment of benign hypertrophy of the prostate. Comparative study of prazosin and serenoa repens]. Arch Esp Urol 1992; 45:211-3. View abstract.
Avins AL, Bent S, Staccone S, et al. A detailed safety assessment of a saw palmetto extract. Complement Ther Med 2008;16:147-54. View abstract.
Barry MJ, Meleth S, Lee JY, et al. Effect of increasing doses of saw palmetto on lower urinary tract symptoms: a randomized trial. JAMA 2011;306:1344-51. View abstract.
Bayne CW, Donnelly F, Ross M, Habib FK. Serenoa repens (Permixon): a 5 alpha-reductase types I and II inhibitor-new evidence in a coculture model of BPH. Prostate 1999;40:232-41. View abstract.
Bayne CW, Ross M, Donnelly F, Habib FK. The selectivity and specificity of the actions of the lipido-sterolic extract of serenoa repens (permixon®) on the prostate. J Urol 2000;164:876-81. View abstract.
Bent S, Kane C, Shinohara K, et al. Saw palmetto for benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 2006;354:557-66. View abstract.
Bonnar-Pizzorno RM, Littman AJ, Kestin M, White E. Saw palmetto supplement use and prostate cancer risk. Nutr Cancer 2006;55:21-7. View abstract.
Boyle P, Robertson C, Lowe F, Roehrborn C. Meta-analysis of clinical trials of permixon in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 2000;55:533-9. View abstract.
Braeckman J. The extract of serenoa repens in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicenter open study. Curr Ther Res 1994;55:776-85.
Carbin BE, Larsson B, Lindahl O. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with phytosterols. Br J Urol 1990;66:639-41. View abstract.
Carraro JC, Raynaud JP, Koch G, et al. Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1,098 patients. Prostate 1996;29:231-40. View abstract.
Champault G, Patel JC, Bonnard AM. A double-blind trial of an extract of the plant Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1984;18:461-2. View abstract.
Cheema P, El-Mefty O, Jazieh AR. Intraoperative haemorrhage associated with the use of extract of Saw Palmetto herb: a case report and review of literature. J Intern Med 2001;250:167-9. View abstract.
Debruyne F, Koch G, Boyle P, et al. [Comparison of a phytotherapeutic agent (Permixon) with an alpha-blocker (Tamsulosin) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a 1-year randomized international study]. Eur Urol 2002;41:497-506. View abstract.
Descotes JL, Rambeaud JJ, Deschaseaux P, Faure G. Placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of Permixon in benign prostatic hyperplasia after exclusion of placebo responders Clin Drug Invest 1995; 9:291-7.
Di Silverio F, D'Eramo G, Lubrano C, et al. Evidence that Serenoa repens extract displays an antiestrogenic activity in prostatic tissue of benign prostatic hypertrophy patients. Eur Urol 1992;21:309-14. View abstract.
Di Silverio F, Monti S, Sciarra A, et al. Effects of long-term treatment with Serenoa repens (Permixon) on the concentrations and regional distribution of androgens and epidermal growth factor in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1998;37:77-83. View abstract.
DiPaola RS, Zhang H, Lambert GH, et al. Clinical and biologic activity of an estrogenic herbal combination (PC-SPES) in prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 1998;339:785-91. View abstract.
Gerber GS, Zagaja GP, Bales GT, et al. Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: effects on urodynamic parameters and voiding symptoms. Urol 1998;51:1003-7. View abstract.
Gerber GS. Saw palmetto for the treatment of men with lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol 2000;163:1408-12. View abstract.
Glemain P, Coulange C, Grapin FN, Muszynski RC. No benefit in combining tamsulosin with Serenoa repens versus tamsulosin alone on storage/filling and voiding lower urinary tract symptoms. [Abstract]. J Urol 2001;167:374.
Goepel M, Hecker U, Krege S, et al. Saw palmetto extracts potently and noncompetitively inhibit human alpha1-adrenoceptors in vitro. Prostate 1999;38:208-15. View abstract.
Goldmann WH, Sharma AL, Currier SJ, et al. Saw palmetto berry extract inhibits cell growth and Cox-2 expression in prostatic cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2001;25:1117-24. View abstract.
Grasso M, Montesano A, Buonaguidi A, et al. Comparative effects of alfuzosin versus Serenoa repens in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Arch Esp Urol 1995;48:97-103. View abstract.
Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA, et al. In vivo assessment of botanical supplementation on human cytochrome P450 phenotypes: Citrus aurantium, Echinacea purpurea, milk thistle, and saw palmetto. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;76:428-40. . View abstract.
Gutierrez M, Garcia de Boto MJ, Cantabrana B, Hidalgo A. Mechanisms involved in the spasmolytic effect of extracts from Sabal serrulata fruit on smooth muscle. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:171-6. View abstract.
Habib FK, Ross M, Ho CK, et al. Serenoa repens (Permixon) inhibits the 5alpha-reductase activity of human prostate cancer cell lines without interfering with PSA expression. Int J Cancer 2005;114:190-4. View abstract.
Habib FK, Wyllie MG. Not all brands are created equal: a comparison of selected components of different brands of Serenoa repens extract. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2004;7:195-200. View abstract.
Hamid S, Rojter S, Vierling J. Protracted cholestatic hepatitis after the use of Prostata. Ann Intern Med 1997;127:169-70. View abstract.
Jibrin I, Erinle A, Saidi A, Aliyu ZY. Saw palmetto-induced pancreatitis. South Med J 2006;99:611-2. View abstract.
Kaplan SA, Volpe MA, Te AE. A prospective, 1-year trial using saw palmetto versus finasteride in the treatment of category III prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J Urol 2004;171:284-8. . View abstract.
Klepser TB, Klepser ME. Unsafe and potentially safe herbal therapies. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1999;56:125-38. View abstract.
Levin RM, Das AK. A scientific basis for the therapeutic effects of Pygeum africanum and Serenoa repens. Urol Res 2000;28:201-9. View abstract.
Lopatkin N, Sivkov A, Walther C, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of a combination of sabal and urtica extract for lower urinary tract symptoms--a placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial. World J Urol 2005;23:139-46. View abstract.
Markowitz JS, Donovan JL, Devane CL, et al. Multiple doses of saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) did not alter cytochrome P450 2D6 and 3A4 activity in normal volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;74:536-42. View abstract.
Marks L, Partin AW, Epstein JI, et al. Effects of a saw palmetto herbal blend in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 2000;163:1451-6. View abstract.
Marks LS, Tyler VE. Saw palmetto extract: newest (and oldest) treatment alternative for men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1999;53:457-61. View abstract.
Ondrizek RR, Chan PJ, Patton WC, King A. An alternative medicine study of herbal effects on the penetration of zona-free hamster oocytes and the integrity of sperm deoxyribonucleic acid. Fertil Steril 1999;71:517-22. View abstract.
Ondrizek RR, Chan PJ, Patton WC, King A. Inhibition of human sperm motility by specific herbs used in alternative medicine. J Assist Reprod Genet 1999;16:87-91. View abstract.
Paubert-Braquet M, Mencia Huerta JM, Cousse H, Braquet P. Effect of the lipidic lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) on the ionophore A23187-stimulated production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1997;57:299-304. View abstract.
Prager N, Bickett K, French N, Marcovici G. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of botanically derived inhibitors of 5-alpha-reductase in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. J Altern Complement Med 2002;8:143-52. View abstract.
Preuss HG, Marcusen C, Regan J, et al. Randomized trial of a combination of natural products (cernitin, saw palmetto, B-sitosterol, vitamin E) on symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Int Urol Nephrol 2001; 33: 217-25. View abstract.
Reece-Smith H, Memon A, Smart CJ, Dewbury K. The value of permixon in benign prostatic hypertrophy. Br J Urol 1986;58:36-40. View abstract.
Romics I, Schmitz H, Frang D. Experience in treating benign prostatic hypertrophy with Sabal serrulata for one year. Int Urol Nephrol 1993;25:565-9. View abstract.
Small EJ, Frohlich MW, Bok R, et al.Prospective trial of the herbal supplement, PC-SPES, in patients with pregressive prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:3595-603. View abstract.
Sokeland J. Combined sabal and urtica extract compared with finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: analysis of prostate volume and therapeutic outcome. BJU Int 2000;86:439-42. View abstract.
Sokeland J. Combined sabal and urtica extract compared with finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: analysis of prostate volume and therapeutic outcome. BJU Int 2000;86:439-42. View abstract.
Stepanov VN, Siniakova LA, Sarrazin B, Raynaud JP. Efficacy and tolerability of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind comparison of two dosage regimens. Adv Ther 1999;16:231-41. View abstract.
Strauch G, Perles P, Vergult G, et al. Comparison of finasteride (Proscar) and Serenoa repens (Permixon) in the inhibition of 5-alpha reductase in healthy male volunteers. Eur Urol 1994;26:247-52. View abstract.
Suter A, Saller R, Riedi E, Heinrich M. Improving BPH symptoms and sexual dysfunctions with a saw palmetto preparation? Results from a pilot trial. Results from a pilot trial. Phytother Res 2012 Apr 23. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4696. View abstract.
Tacklind J, MacDonald R, Rutks I, Wilt TJ. Serenoa repens for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;(2):CD001423. View abstract.
Tuncel A, Ener K, Han O, et al. Effects of short-term dutasteride and Serenoa repens on perioperative bleeding and microvessel density in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2009;43:377-82. View abstract.
USRF Research. Clinical effects of saw palmetto extract in men with symptomatic BPH webpage: www.usrf.org/spepapers.html (Accessed 23 June 2004).
Vela Navarrete R, Garcia Cardoso JV, Barat A, et al. BPH and Inflammation: pharmacological effects of Permixon on histological and molecular inflammatory markers. Results of a double blind pilot clinical assay. Eur Urol 2003;44:549-55.. View abstract.
Willetts KE, Clements MS, Champion S, et al. Serenoa repens extract for benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized controlled trial. BJU Int 2003;92:267-70.. View abstract.
Wilt T, Ishani A, Mac Donald R. Serenoa repens for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(3):CD001423. View abstract.
Wilt T, Ishani A, Stark G, et al. Serenoa repens for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD001423. View abstract.
Wilt TJ, Ishani A, Stark G, et al. Saw palmetto extracts for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. JAMA 1998;280:1604-9. View abstract.
Yale SH, Glurich I. Analysis of the inhibitory potential of Ginkgo biloba, Echinacea purpurea, and Serenoa repens on the metabolic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4, 2D6, and 2C9. J Altern Complement Med 2005;11:433-9. View abstract.